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1.Basic Info:
Name: Phenacetin
CAS: 62-44-2
MF: C10H13NO2
MW: 179.22
EINECS: 200-533-0
Assay:99%
Chemical Properties: White or white crystalline powder
Usage :Analgesic, antipyretic. Component of APC tablets, analgesic mixture also containing aspirin and caffeine. Phenacetin is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen; analgesic mixtures containing Phenacetin are listed as known human carcinogens.
2.Description:
Phenacetin (or Acetophenetidin) is a pain-relieving and fever-reducing drug, which was widely used between its introduction in 1887 and the 1983 ban imposed by the FDA on its use in the United States. Its use has declined because of its adverse effects, which include increased risk of certain cancers and kidney damage. It is metabolized as paracetamol (acetaminophen), which replaced it in some over-the-counter medications following the ban on phenacetin.
Phenacetin (or Acetophenetidin) Having glossy leaflets or scales-like crystals that have no odor or taste.Melting point 134 ~ 137. Stable in air, soluble in water, slightly soluble in boiling water, slightly soluble in ether, soluble in ethanol, chloroform. It is formed through the etherification,reduction and Acetylation reaction of p-chloronitrobenzene. As chloroacetanilide antipyretic and analgesic agent. Suitable for fever,headache, neuralgia and other drugs as a compound agent.
3.Application:
Antipyretic effect is stronger than the analgesic effect. Effect of strength is slow and long-lasting as aspirin, low toxicity. Research shows that: This product and its metabolites acetaminophen have the antipyretic effect. Because the enzyme inhibitor make phenacetin not be converted into paracetamol, still showed obvious antipyretic effect,thus the antipyretic effect after the product line not converrt to paracetamol.The mild phenacetin analgesic effect usually lasts 3 to 4 hours; and synergistic effect, of alicylic acid coadministrationmake the analgesic effect enhancement. The main clinical is for small animal antipyretic analgesic. This product is also a component of the APC tablet.
Phenacetin was widely used until the third quarter of the twentieth century, often in the form of an"A.P.C." or aspirin-phenacetin-caffeine compound analgesic, as a remedy for fever and pain. An early formulation (1919) was Vincent's APC in Australia. However the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ordered the withdrawal of drugs containing phenacetin in November 1983, owing to its carcinogenic and kidney-damaging properties (Federal Register of October 5, 1983 (48 FR 45466)). It was also banned in India. As a result, some branded, previously phenacetin-based preparations continued to be sold, but with the phenacetin replaced by safer alternatives. A popular brand of phenacetin was Roche's Saridon, which was reformulated in 1983 to contain propyphenazone, paracetamol and caffeine.
Coricidin was also reformulated without phenacetin. Paracetamol is a metabolite of phenacetin with similar analgesic and antipyretic effects, but the new formulation has not been found to have phenacetin's carcinogenicity.Phenacetin is now being used as a cutting agent to adulterate cocaine in the UK and Canada,owing to the similar physical features of the two drugs.Due to low cost phenacetin is used for research into the physical and refractive properties of crystals.It is an ideal compound for this type of research.
