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loose, the end just to Alice to the outside of the flame, which can be completely burned. But the candle has yet to be further improved, and its material is generally there are many shortcomings of the animal fat, to solve this problem is the revelation of others. Between June and July 1809, the French family Scheffler received a letter from a textile mill asking him to analyze and determine the composition of a soft soap sample they sent. He took this letter thinking for a long time, thinking: to study the soap, it seems to have to start from the raw material oil. In the very simple equipment, simple school experiment, he studied the saponification process need to use a variety of oils and fats. After a great deal of experimentation, he discovered for the first time the fact that 95 percent of all fats and oils, whatever their source, accounted for 5 percent of the glycerol produced during the saponification process. Through the study he found out the essence of the saponification process, and he also has a major discovery: when the candles made of oil, because there are glycerol, burning flame with smoke, smell unpleasant. If converted to stearic acid candles, burning not only bright flame, and almost no black smoke, do not pollute the air. Scheuerrer told his findings to cover a Luzak, and suggested that they jointly study how to specifically solve this problem. They use soda to saponify the oil, and then the resulting soap with hydrochloric acid decomposition, take out the stearic acid. This is a white substance, hand feeling a greasy feeling, made of candle with its texture is very soft, the price is cheaper. In 1825, Schaeffler and Gay-Lüsac acquired the patent for the production of paraffin stearin candles. Paraffin stearin candles in the history of human lighting to create a new era. Later, it was found in North America, a large oil field, so the oil can be extracted from a large number
