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Melatonine
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Synonyms: Acetamide, N-[2-(5-methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-;Acetamide, N-[2-(5-methoxyindol-3-yl)ethyl]-;Acetamide,N-[2-(5-methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl];Melatonin(N-Acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine);n-(2-(5-methoxy-1h-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-acetamid;n-(2-(5-methoxyindol-3-yl)ethyl)-acetamid;N-ACETYL-5-METHOXYTRYPTAMINE;N-[2-(5-METHOXY-1H-INDOL-3-YL)ETHYL]ACETAMIDE
CAS: 73-31-4
MF: C13H16N2O2
MW: 232.28
EINECS: 200-797-7
Melatonin chemically N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine,[1] is a substance found in animals, plants, fungi and bacteria. In animals it is a hormone that anticipates the daily onset of darkness;[2] however in other organisms it may have different functions. Likewise, the synthesis of melatonin in animals differs from that in other organisms.
In animals, melatonin is involved in the entrainment (synchronization) of the circadian rhythms of physiological functions including sleep timing, blood pressure regulation, seasonal reproduction and many others.[3] Many of melatonin's biological effects in animals are produced through activation of melatonin receptors,[4] while others are due to its role as a pervasive and powerful antioxidant,[5] with a particular role in the protection of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA.[6]
The hormone can be used as a sleep aid and in the treatment of some sleep disorders. It can be taken orally as capsules, tablets, or liquid. It is also available in a form to be used sublingually, and as transdermal patches. There have been few long-term clinical trials in the use of melatonin in humans.
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